ngā kaihanga kakahu kounga teitei
He tini ngā kaiwhakarato, ngā kaihokohoko, ngā wheketere, ngā ahumahi me ngā mahi hokohoko ināianei. Nā te tini o ngā kaiwhakarato, me pēhea tātou e kitea ai hekaiwhakarato tikamā tātou? Ka taea e koe te whai i ētahi kōrero.
01Tiwhikete arotake
Me pēhea e whakarite ai koe kei te rite te tohungatanga o ō kaiwhakarato ki tā rātou e whakaatu ana i runga i te PPT?
He huarahi whai hua te tiwhikete a ngā rōpū tuatoru i ngā kaiwhakarato hei whakarite kia tutukihia ngā whakaritenga me ngā paerewa a ngā kiritaki mā te manatoko i ngā tukanga whakaputa, te whakapai tonu me te whakahaere tuhinga.
Ko te arotahi o te tiwhikete ki te utu, te kounga, te tuku, te tiaki, te haumaru me te taiao.Mā te ISO, te tiwhikete āhuatanga ahumahi, te waehere a Dun rānei, ka taea e ngā mahi hokohoko te tirotiro tere i ngā kaiwhakarato.
02Aromatawai i te āhuarangi geopolitical
I te piki haere o te pakanga hokohoko i waenganui i a Haina me te US, kua huri ngā kanohi o ētahi kaihoko ki ngā whenua iti te utu i te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti o Āhia, pērā i a Vietnam, Thailand me Cambodia.
Ka taea e ngā kaiwhakarato o ēnei whenua te tuku utu iti iho, engari mā te ngoikore o ngā hanganga, ngā whanaungatanga mahi me ngā raruraru tōrangapū ka kore pea e pumau te tuku.
I te marama o Hānuere 2010, ka riro i te rōpū tōrangapū o Thailand te mana whakahaere o te Taunga Rererangi o Suvarnabhumi i te tāone nui, ā, ka whakamutua ngā mahi kawemai me te kaweake rererangi katoa i Bangkok, engari ki ngā whenua tata anake.
I te marama o Mei 2014, i whiua, i wahia, i pahuatia, i tahuna hoki ngā kaipupuri moni me ngā umanga o tāwāhi i Vietnam. Ko ētahi umanga me ngā kaimahi Hainamana, tae atu ki a Taiwan me Hong Kong, tae atu ki ngā umanga i Singapore me Korea ki te Tonga, i pāngia ki ngā taumata rerekē, ā, i mate ai ētahi me ngā taonga.
Me aromatawai i te mōrearea o te tuku taonga i te rohe i mua i te whiriwhiri i tētahi kaiwhakarato.
03Tirohia te pakari o te pūtea
Me aro atu te hunga hokohoko ki te hauora pūtea o te kaiwhakarato, kaua e tatari kia raru rā anō te taha pakihi.
He rite tonu ki mua i te rū whenua, he tohu rerekē ētahi, me ētahi tohu i mua i te hē o te āhua pūtea o te kaiwhakarato.
Pērā i te wehenga pinepine o ngā kaiwhakahaere, inā koa ko te hunga e whakahaere ana i ā rātou pakihi matua. Mā te nui o te nama a ngā kaiwhakarato ka raru pea te pēhanga whakapaipai, ā, mā te hapa iti ka pakaru te mekameka whakapaipai. Ko ētahi atu tohu pea ko te hekenga o ngā reiti tuku me te kounga i te wā tika, ngā hararei kore utu mō te wā roa, ngā mahi nui rānei, ngā purongo pāpori kino mai i ngā rangatira kaiwhakarato, me ērā atu mea.
04 Arotakehia ngā mōrearea e pā ana ki te huarere
Ehara te ahumahi hanga i te mea e whakawhirinaki ana ki te huarere, engari ka pā tonu te huarere ki ngā whakararuraru o te mekameka tuku. Ka pāngia ngā kaiwhakarato i ngā kawanatanga o Fujian, Zhejiang me Guangdong e ngā awhiowhio i ngā rohe takutai tonga-mā-rāwhiti i ia raumati.
Ka puta he tūmomo āwangawanga tuarua i muri i te taunga o te awhiowhio nui, ā, ka nui hoki ngā mate ki te mahi whakaputa, ki te whakahaere, ki te kawe waka me te haumaru whaiaro.
I te wā e whiriwhiri ana i tētahi kaiwhakarato pea, me tirotiro e te hunga hoko ngā āhuatanga o te rangi i te rohe, te aromatawai i te mōrearea o te motuhanga o ngā taonga, me te mea he mahere ā-tūpono kei te kaiwhakarato. Ina puta he āhuatanga ā-taiao, me pēhea te urupare wawe, te tīmata anō i te mahi whakaputa, me te pupuri tonu i te pakihi noa.
05Whakaūtia he maha ngā turanga hangahanga
Ka whai pūtake whakaputa, whare putunga rānei ētahi kaiwhakarato nui i roto i ngā whenua me ngā rohe maha, ka nui ake ngā kōwhiringa mō ngā kaihoko. Ka rerekē ngā utu kawe me ētahi atu utu e pā ana ki tēnā, ki tēnā, i runga i te wāhi tuku. Ka pā anō hoki te tawhiti o te kawe ki te wā tuku. Ko te poto o te wā tuku, ka iti ake te utu pupuri taonga a te kaihoko, ā, ka taea e ia te urupare wawe ki ngā piki me ngā heke o te tono mākete, me te karo i te korenga o ngā taonga me te puhoi o ngā taonga.
Ka taea hoki e ngā turanga whakaputa maha te whakaiti i te korenga o te kaha. Ina puta he aukati kaha poto i roto i tētahi wheketere, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakarato te whakarite i te whakaputa i roto i ētahi atu wheketere kāore i te rawaka te kaha.
Mena he nui te utu pupuri katoa mō te utu kawe o te hua, me whakaaro te kaiwhakarato ki te hanga wheketere tata ki te wāhi o te kiritaki. Ko ngā kaiwhakarato karāhe me ngā potae motuka he tikanga ki te whakatū wheketere huri noa i te oEMS hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia whakahaere a ngā kiritaki mō te JIT.
I ētahi wā he maha ngā turanga hanga a te kaiwhakarato.
06Tikina te tirohanga o ngā raraunga rarangi taonga
E toru ngā "V" nui rongonui i roto i te rautaki whakahaere mekameka tuku, arā, ko:
Te tirohanga, te tirohanga
Tere, Tere
Rerekētanga, Rerekētanga
Ko te mea nui ki te angitu o te mekameka tuku ko te whakanui ake i te tirohanga me te tere o te mekameka tuku me te urutau ki ngā huringa. Mā te whiwhi i ngā raraunga rokiroki o ngā rauemi matua a te kaiwhakarato, ka taea e te kaihoko te mōhio ki te wāhi o ngā taonga i ngā wā katoa hei ārai i te mōrearea o te paunga o ngā taonga.
07Rangahauhia te tere o te mekameka tuku
Ina rerekē te hiahia o te kaihoko, me whakarerekē e te kaiwhakarato te mahere tuku i te wā tika. I tēnei wā, me tirotirohia te tere me te ngāwari o te mekameka tuku a te kaiwhakarato.
E ai ki te whakamāramatanga o te tauira tohutoro mahi mekameka tuku SCOR, e toru ngā āhuatanga o te tere o te mahi, arā:
① tere
Ngāwari ki runga Ko te ngāwari ki runga, e hia ngā rā e hiahiatia ana, ka taea te whakapiki i te kaha o te 20%.
② ine
Te urutau whakarunga o te urutau whakarunga, i roto i ngā rā 30, ka taea e te kaha whakaputa te eke ki te nui rawa.
③ hinga
Te Whakahekenga o te Urutaunga Te ngoikoretanga o te urutaunga, i roto i ngā rā 30, kāore e pāngia te whakaiti ota. Ki te nui rawa te whakaiti ota, ka nui ngā amuamu a ngā kaiwhakarato, ka taea rānei te whakawhiti i te kaha ki ētahi atu kiritaki.
Hei mārama ki te tere o te tuku a ngā kaiwhakarato, ka taea e te kaihoko te mārama ki te kaha o te taha kē i te wā e taea ai, me te whakahaere i tētahi aromatawai tauanga o te kaha tuku i mua i te wā.
08Tirohia ngā herenga ratonga me ngā hiahia o te kiritaki
Kia rite mō ngā mea kino rawa atu, kia rite hoki mō ngā mea pai rawa atu. Me tirotiro, me aromatawai hoki te kaihoko i te taumata ratonga kiritaki a ia kaiwhakarato.
Me hainatia e te kamupene hoko he whakaaetanga tuku me te kaiwhakarato, kia tika ai te taumata ratonga tuku, me te whakamahi i ngā tikanga paerewa, ngā whakaritenga i waenga i te kamupene hoko me ngā kaiwhakarato rauemi mata, mō ngā ture tuku ota, pēnei i te matapae, te ota, te tuku, ngā tuhinga, te aratau uta, te auau tuku, te wā tatari tuku me te paerewa tapanga takai, me ētahi atu.
09Whiwhi tatauranga wā arahi me te tuku
E ai ki te kōrero i runga ake nei, mā te wā poto o te tuku arataki ka taea te whakaiti i te utu pupuri taonga a te kaihoko me te taumata haumaru o ngā taonga, ā, ka taea hoki te urupare wawe ki ngā piki me ngā heke o te tono i te heke mai.
Me ngana te kaihoko ki te whiriwhiri i tētahi kaiwhakarato he poto te wā arahi.Ko te mahi tuku te mea nui hei ine i te mahi a te kaiwhakarato, ā, ki te kore te kaiwhakarato e whakarato wawe i ngā mōhiohio e pā ana ki te tere tuku i te wā tika, ko te tikanga kāore tēnei tohu i arohia e tika ana.
Engari, ka taea e te kaiwhakarato te aro turuki i te āhuatanga tuku me te tuku urupare i te wā tika mō ngā raruraru o te tukanga tuku, ka riro ai te whakawhirinaki o te kaihoko.
10Whakaūtia ngā tikanga utu
He ōrite ngā tikanga utu a ngā kamupene nunui o te ao whānui, pērā i te 60 rā, te 90 rā i muri i te whiwhinga o ngā nama. Ki te kore te taha kē e whakarato i ngā rauemi mata e uaua ana ki te tiki, he pai ake te whiriwhiri a te kaihoko i te kaiwhakarato e whakaae ana ki āna ake tikanga utu.
Koinei ngā pūkenga tekau kua whakarāpopototia e au māu. I a koe e hanga rautaki hoko ana, e whiriwhiri ana hoki i ngā kaiwhakarato, ka taea e koe te whakaaro ki ēnei tohutohu, ā, ka whakawhanake i ētahi "kanohi koi".
Hei whakamutunga, ka kōrero atu ahau ki a koe i tētahi huarahi iti hei whiriwhiri i ngā kaiwhakarato, arā, mā te tuku karere tika mai ki a mātou, ka whiwhi tonu koe i tētahikaiwhakarato kakahu pai rawa atu, hei āwhina i tō waitohu ki tētahi taumata teitei ake.
Wā tuku: Mei-25-2024
