Ko te tā mata e pā ana ki te whakamahinga o te mata hei turanga pereti, ā, mā te tikanga hanga pereti whakaahua-ataata, ka hangaia ki ngā pikitia o te pereti tā mata. E rima ngā wāhanga o te tā mata, arā, te pereti mata, te waru, te waituhi, te tēpu tā me te papa. Ko te tā mata tētahi o ngā momo mahi toi tino nui.
1. He aha tetānga mata
Ko te tā mata he tukanga whakawhiti i tētahi hoahoa tauira ki runga i tētahi mata papatahi mā te whakamahi i te mata, te waituhi, me te waru. Ko te papanga me te pepa ngā mata e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō te tā mata, engari mā te whakamahi i ngā waituhi motuhake, ka taea hoki te tā ki runga i te rakau, te whakarewa, te kirihou, tae atu ki te karāhe. Ko te tikanga taketake ko te hanga i tētahi pokepoke ki runga i tētahi mata mata angiangi, kātahi ka mirohia te waituhi (te peita rānei, mō ngā mahi toi me ngā pānui) mā roto hei tā i te hoahoa ki runga i te mata i raro.
I ētahi wā ka kiia te tukanga ko te "tā mata" me te "tā mata" rānei, ā, ahakoa he tino ōrite tonu te tukanga tā tuturu, ka rerekē pea te huarahi e hangaia ai te tauira, i runga i te rauemi e whakamahia ana. Ko ētahi o ngā tikanga tauira ko:
Whakatakotoria he kiriuhi, he vinyl rānei hei uhi i te wāhi e hiahiatia ana o te mata.
Whakamahia he "ārai mata" pērā i te kāpia, te peita rānei hei peita i te pokepokea ai ki runga i te whata.
Waihangatia he tauira mā te whakamahi i te wai whakaahua, kātahi ka hangaia te tauira kia rite ki te whakaahua (ka taea e koe te ako atu mō tēnei i roto i te aratohu taahiraa-i-te-taahiraa).
Kotahi, e toru rānei ngā waituhi ka whakamahia mō ngā hoahoa i hangaia mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga tā mata. Mō ngā mea maha-tae, me pania ia tae ki tētahi paparanga motuhake, me tētahi tauira motuhake mō ia waituhi.
2. He aha i whakamahia ai te tā mata
Ko tētahi o ngā take e whakamahia whānuitia ai te hangarau tā mata, nā te mea ka puta he tae kanapa ahakoa i runga i ngā papanga pouri. Kei roto hoki te waituhi, te peita rānei i roto i ngā paparanga maha i runga i te mata o te papanga, o te pepa rānei, ā, ka pai te pa o te mea kua tāia.
He pai hoki te hangarau nei nā te mea ka taea e ngā pūreretā te tārua ngāwari i ngā hoahoa maha ngā wā. Nā te mea ka taea te tārua i te hoahoa i ngā wā maha mā te whakamahi i te pokepoke kotahi, he mea whai hua mō te hanga i ngā tārua maha o te kākahu kotahi, o te whakapaipai rānei. Ina whakahaerehia e te pūreretā mātau mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu ngaio, ka taea hoki te hanga i ngā hoahoa tae uaua. Ahakoa te uaua o te tukanga he iti noa te maha o ngā tae ka taea e te pūreretā te whakamahi, he nui ake tōna kaha i tā te whakamahi i te tā mamati anake.
He tikanga rongonui te tā mata i waenga i ngā kaitoi me ngā kaihoahoa nā te mea he maha ngā whakamahinga me te kaha ki te whakaputa i ngā tae kanapa me ngā whakaahua mārama. Haunga a Andy Warhol, ko ētahi atu kaitoi e mōhiotia ana mō tā rātou whakamahi i te tā mata ko Robert Rauschenberg, Ben Shahn, Eduardo Paolozzi, Richard Hamilton, RB Kitaj, Henri Matisse me Richard Estes.
3. Ngā taahiraa o te tukanga tā mata
He rerekē ngā tikanga tā mata, engari he rite tonu ngā tikanga taketake e whakamahia ana i roto i ēnei katoa. Ko te momo tā ka matapakihia e tātou i raro nei ka whakamahi i tētahi matū tauhohe-mārama motuhake hei hanga i ngā tauira ritenga; Nā te mea ka taea te whakamahi hei hanga tauira uaua, koinei te momo tā arumoni tino rongonui.
Hipanga 1: Kua hangaia te hoahoa
Tuatahi, ka tangohia e te pūreretā te hoahoa e hiahia ana rātou ki te waihanga mō te hua whakamutunga, kātahi ka tāia ki runga i tētahi kiriata waikawa acetic mārama. Ka whakamahia tēnei hei hanga i te pokepokea.
Hipanga 2: Whakaritea te mata
Kātahi ka tīpakohia e te pūreretā he mata mata hei whakarite i te uauatanga o te hoahoa me te kakano o te papanga kua tāia. Kātahi ka pania te mata ki te wai whakapūmau whakaahua e whakapakeke ana ina whakawhanakehia i raro i te māramatanga kanapa.
Hipanga 3: Whakaaturia te hinu kiri
Kātahi ka whakatakotoria he rau acetate me tēnei hoahoa ki runga i tētahi mata kua pania ki te emulsion, ā, ka whakaaturia te hua katoa ki te mārama kanapa rawa. Ka whakapakeketia te emulsion e te mārama, kia noho wai tonu te wāhanga o te mata kua hipokina e te hoahoa.
Mena he maha ngā tae o te hoahoa whakamutunga, me whakamahi he mata motuhake hei pani i ia paparanga waituhi. Hei waihanga i ngā hua maha-tae, me whakamahi te pūreretā i ōna pūkenga ki te hoahoa i ia tauira me te whakarite kia tino tika kia kore ai e pakaru te hoahoa whakamutunga.
Hipanga 4: Horoia te emulsion kia hanga he tauira
I muri i te whakaatu i te mata mō tētahi wā, ka whakapakeketia ngā wāhi o te mata kāore i hipokina e te hoahoa. Kātahi ka horoia marietia ngā hinu kore whakapakeke katoa. Mā tēnei ka waiho he tohu mārama o te hoahoa ki runga i te mata kia puta ai te waituhi.
Kātahi ka whakamaroketia te mata, ā, ka mahia e te pūreretā ngā whakatikatika katoa e tika ana kia tata rawa te tānga ki te hoahoa taketake. Ka taea e koe te whakamahi i te pokepokea.
Hipanga 5: Kua rite te tūemi ki te tā
Kātahi ka whakatakotoria te mata ki runga i te mīhini tā. Ka whakatakotoria te taonga, te kākahu rānei hei tā ki runga i tētahi pereti tā i raro i te mata.
He maha ngā momo mīhini tā, ā-ringa, ā-aunoa hoki, engari ko te nuinga o ngā mīhini tā arumoni hou ka whakamahi i tētahi mīhini kōpae hurihuri e hurihuri ana i a ia anō, nā te mea ka taea te whakahaere i ētahi mata rerekē i te wā kotahi. Mō te tā tae, ka taea hoki te whakamahi i tēnei mīhini tā hei tāpiri i ngā paparanga tae takitahi i roto i te tere o te raupapa.
Hipanga 6: Pēhia te waituhi mā te mata ki runga i te taonga
Ka taka te mata ki te papa kua tāia. Tāpirihia te waituhi ki te tihi o te mata, ā, whakamahia te waru mimiti hei kukume i te waituhi puta noa i te roanga o te mata. Mā tēnei ka pēhia te waituhi ki runga i te wāhi tuwhera o te tauira, ā, ka whakairohia te hoahoa ki runga i te hua i raro iho.
Mena kei te hanga te pūreretā i ngā tūemi maha, hiki ake te mata ka whakatakoto i ngā kākahu hou ki runga i te pereti tā. Kātahi ka whakahokia te tukanga.
Kia oti ngā mea katoa te tā, ā, kia tutuki hoki te mahi a te tauira, ka taea te whakamahi i tētahi wai horoi motuhake hei tango i te wai whakapūkara kia taea ai te whakamahi anō i te mata hei hanga i tētahi tauira hou.
Hipanga 7: Whakamarokehia te hua, tirohia, ā, whakaotia
Kātahi ka tukuna te hua tānga mā roto i te mīhini whakamaroke, ka "whakaora" i te mangumangu, ā, ka puta he mata maeneene, kāore e memeha. I mua i te tukunga atu o te hua whakamutunga ki te rangatira hou, ka tirotirohia, ka horoia pai kia tangohia ngā toenga katoa.
4. Ngā taputapu tā mata
Hei whakaputa i ngā tānga ma, mārama hoki, me whai taputapu tika ngā mīhini tā mata hei whakaoti i te mahi. I konei, ka matapakihia e tātou ia taputapu tā mata, tae atu ki te mahi a ēnei taputapu i roto i te tukanga tā.
| mīhini tā mata |
Ahakoa e taea ana te tā mata mā te whakamahi i te mata mata me te squeegee anake, he pai ake ki te nuinga o ngā pūreretā te whakamahi i te mīhini tā nā te mea ka taea e rātou te tā i ngā taonga maha me te whai hua ake. Nā te mea ka pupuri te mīhini tā i te mata i waenganui i ngā tānga, kia māmā ake ai te whakawhiti i te pepa, i te kākahu rānei hei tā.
E toru ngā momo mīhini tā: ā-ringa, ā-haurua-aunoa, me te aunoa. Ka whakahaerehia ā-ringa ngā mīhini tā ā-ringa, arā, he tino uaua. He mīhini ā-wāhanga ngā mīhini tā ā-haurua-aunoa, engari me whai wāhi tonu te tangata ki te whakawhiti i ngā mea kua pēhia, ko ngā mīhini tā aunoa ia he tino aunoa, ā, he iti noa te wāhi e hiahiatia ana.
Ko ngā pakihi e hiahia ana ki te maha o ngā kaupapa tā he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā mīhini tā haurua-aunoa, aunoa-katoa rānei, nā te mea ka taea e rātou te tā tere ake, te whai hua ake, me te iti rawa o ngā hapa. Ko ngā kamupene iti, ko ngā kamupene rānei e whakamahi ana i te tā mata hei mahi whakangahau, ka kitea pea e rātou he pai ake ngā mīhini tā papamahi ā-ringa (e kiia ana i ētahi wā ko ngā mīhini tā "ā-ringa") mō ā rātou hiahia.
| waituhi |
Ka panaia te waituhi, te tae, te peita rānei mā te mata whatu ki roto i te taonga hei tā, hei whakawhiti i te tohu tae o te hoahoa tauira ki te hua.
Ehara i te mea ko te whiriwhiri tae anake te mea nui mō te whiriwhiri i te waituhi, engari he maha atu anō ngā kōwhiringa. He maha ngā waituhi ngaio ka taea te whakamahi hei whakaputa i ngā pānga rerekē ki te hua kua oti. Hei tauira, ka taea e ngā pūreretā te whakamahi i ngā waituhi kanapa, ngā waituhi kua whakapōturitia, ngā waituhi pupuhi rānei (e whānui ana hei hanga i tētahi mata teitei) hei whakaputa i tētahi āhua ahurei. Ka whakaarohia hoki e te pūreretā te momo papanga o te tā mata, nā te mea he pai ake te whai hua o ētahi waituhi ki ētahi rauemi i ētahi atu.
I te tānga kākahu, ka whakamahia e te pūreretā he waituhi ka taea te horoi mīhini i muri i te whakamahana me te whakamaroke. Mā tēnei ka kore e memeha ngā taonga, ka roa te mau, ā, ka taea te mau anō me anō.
| mata |
Ko te mata i roto i te tānga mata he anga whakarewa, he anga rakau rānei kua hipokina ki te papanga mata angiangi. I ngā wā o mua, i hangaia tēnei mata ki te miro hiraka, engari i ēnei rā, kua whakakapia ki te muka polyester, e whakarato ana i te mahi ōrite i te utu iti iho. Ka taea te whiriwhiri i te matotoru me te maha o ngā miro o te mata kia rite ki te mata e tāia ana, ki te kakano rānei o te papanga, ā, he iti te mokowā i waenga i ngā rārangi, kia nui ake ai ngā taipitopito ka taea te tiki i roto i te tānga.
Kia pania te mata ki te emulsion, kia whakaaturia hoki, ka taea te whakamahi hei tauira. Kia oti te mahi tā mata, ka taea te horoi me te whakamahi anō.
| waru
He waru rapa te waru e piri ana ki tētahi papa rakau, ki tētahi kakau whakarewa, ki tētahi kakau kirihou rānei. Ka whakamahia hei pana i te waituhi mā roto i te mata mata, ki runga i te mata hei tā. He maha ngā wā ka whiriwhiria e ngā kaitā he waru he rite te rahi ki te anga mata nā te mea he pai ake te kapi.
He pai ake te waru rapa mārō mō te tā i ngā hoahoa uaua me ngā taipitopito maha, nā te mea ka whakarite kia mimiti ōrite te waituhi i ngā kokonga me ngā āputa katoa o te pokepoke. Mēnā ka tāia ngā hoahoa kāore i te tino taipitopito, ka tāia rānei ki runga i te papanga, ka whakamahia he waru rapa mārō ake, ngāwari ake.
Teihana horoi |
Me horoi ngā mata i muri i te whakamahinga hei tango i ngā toenga katoa o te wai whakapūkara, kia taea ai te whakamahi anō mō te tānga i muri mai. Tērā pea ka whakamahia e ētahi whare tā nui ake he ipu wai horoi motuhake, he waikawa rānei hei tango i te wai whakapūkara, ko ētahi ia ka whakamahia he totohu, he totohu rānei me te ngongo hiko hei horoi i te mata.
5. Ka horoia atu rānei te waituhi tā mata?
Mena kua tāia tika te kākahu ki te mata e te tohunga whakangungu mā te whakamahi i te waituhi horoi kua tukatukahia ki te wera, kaua te hoahoa e horoia. Kia kore ai e memeha te tae, me whakarite te pūreretā kua whakatakotoria te waituhi kia rite ki ngā aratohu a te kaihanga. Ko te pāmahana me te wā whakamaroke tika e whakawhirinaki ana ki te momo waituhi me te papanga i whakamahia, nō reira me whai i ngā tohutohu mena ka hangaia e te pūreretā he mea horoi roa.
6. He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te tā mata me te tā matihiko?
Ko te tānga matihiko tika kua rite ki te kakahu (DTG) ka whakamahi i tētahi pūreretā papanga motuhake (he rite ki tētahi pūreretā rorohiko waituhi) hei whakawhiti tika i ngā whakaahua ki runga i ngā kakahu. He rerekē tēnei i te tānga mata nā te mea ka whakamahia he pūreretā matihiko hei whakawhiti tika i te hoahoa ki runga i te papanga. Nā te mea kāore he tauira, ka taea te tāpiri i ngā tae maha i te wā kotahi, kaua e tāpiri i ngā tae maha ki tētahi paparanga motuhake, ko te tikanga he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia te tikanga hei tā i ngā hoahoa uaua, tino kanapa rānei.
Kāore e hiahiatia he whakaritenga mō te tānga matihiko, he rerekē ki te tānga mata, ko te tikanga he pai ake te utu mō te tānga matihiko ina tāia he iti noa ngā kākahu, he takitahi rānei. Nā te mea he whakaahua rorohiko hei utu mō ngā tauira, he tino pai mō te hanga whakaahua, mō ngā hoahoa tino taipitopito rānei. Heoi, nā te mea he ira tae CMYK te momo tānga, kaua ki te mangumangu tae parakore, kāore e taea te whakarato i te kaha tae rite tonu ki te tānga mata. Kāore hoki e taea te whakamahi i te pūreretā matihiko hei hanga pānga kakano.
Te Wheketere Kākahu o SiyinghongHe 15 tau te roa o te wheako ki ngā kākahu, ā, he 15 tau hoki tōna wheako ki te umanga tā. Ka taea e mātou te whakarato aratohu tā waitohu ngaio mō ō tauira/taonga papatipu, me te taunaki i ngā tikanga tā tika kia pai ake ai ō tauira/taonga papatipu. Ka taea e koekōrero mai ki a mātoutonu!
Wā tuku: Hakihea-21-2023
